“Circular economy” is a kind of renewable and regenerative economic system. The purpose is to maximize the reuse of resources and reduce waste generation without decreasing the supply to promote economic development. In the circular economy, there are three core principles: Recycling, Reusing, and Reducing, abbreviated as the 3R. Under this circular economic model, products are designed with material combinations and usage that can be used in multiple cycles to further achieve a circular economy with zero waste. Damaged and by-products are no longer considered a waste instead making it into materials that can be used in new production cycles. The specialty of this kind of circular economy model is the combination of resource usage and environmental conservation to create more eco-friendly methods of production and consumption.
Currently, society and businesses operate with the framework of a linear economy. The linear economy will consume the scarcity of natural resources to develop the economy and others. This is a destructive economic model that will deplete the Earth's resources. Therefore, in the 1960s economists established the idea of Circular Economy. The economist explains that the Earth’s resources are non-renewable and finite; society should learn how to maintain the balance between natural resource extraction and ecological preservation. Therefore, the economic improvement and natural resources concurrently. However, since 1983, environmental pollution and overexploitation have continued to escalate. Thus, the Circular Economy becomes the future development. Also, many countries have emphasized and promoted the concept of the Circular Economy. The Circular Economy can meet the society and market demands while reducing environmental degradation and consumption. This can achieve the goal of sustainable development.